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The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the journey so far for the North Wales Regional Single Point of Access (SPOA) through the lens of programme manager with views from the programme team. SPOA is the integration of access points to community health and social care services with strengthened links to the third sector, one SPOA in each of six local authorities in the Betsi Cadwallader University Health Board footprint.

Kotter’s 8 step theory of change model (1996) supplemented by the organisational, cultural and professional and contextual factors from research that impact on integrated working between health and social care (Cameron et al., 2012); the focus is programme level.

Kotter’s 8 step model is a useful tool for reflection on the factors identified in research that promote and hinder integrated working. Key messages and innovative ideas of interest for practitioners embarking on a similar “Quest”, including: “keep using your ‘levers for change’”, “Adopt and Adapt”, “right people in the right place”, “it’s ok to tweak your vision, ‘Make it mean something to everyone’, ‘accept and Adapt’, ‘Don’t sweat what you can’t affect’, ‘Find your allies – it’s better together’, ‘Celebrate ‘small wins’’, ‘The people’s voice drives change’ and ‘a sense of humour brings you through’”.

This is a personal reflection from the North Wales Regional SPOA Programme.

It makes use of collaborative work focused on delivering a SPOA, helping others to learn from the struggle.

Diben y papur hwn yw adlewyrchu ar y daith hyd yn hyn ar gyfer Un Pwynt Mynediad Ranbarthol Gogledd Cymru (SPOA) yn bennaf trwy olwg rheolwr y rhaglen ond mae hefyd yn cynnwys safbwyntiau tîm ehangach y rhaglen. Yn greiddiol i’r SPOA ceir integreiddio pwyntiau mynediad i wasanaethau iechyd cymunedol a gofal Cymdeithasol gyda chysylltiadau wedi eu cryfhau i’r Trydydd Sector, un SPOA ym mhob un o’r 6 Awdurdod Lleol sydd o fewn ôl troed bwrdd Iechyd Prifysgol BC.

Canfu model damcaniaeth newid (1996) 8 cam Kotter, a ategir gan y ffactorau sefydliadol, diwylliannol a phroffesiynol a’r ffactorau cyd-destunol yn sgil ymchwil mai effaith ar waith integredig rhwng iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol (Cameron et al., 2012) sy’n rhoi’r strwythur i’r papur adlewyrchol hwn; sydd, ar y pwnt hwn o’r daith, yn canolbwyntio ar lefel y rhaglen.

Roedd model 8 cam Kotter yn offeryn defnyddiol ar gyfer yr adlewyrchiad hwn ar y daith hyd yn hyn. Mae ein profiad hyd yn hyn mewn cytgord â’r ffactorau a nodir mewn ymchwil sy’n hyrwyddo ac yn rhwystro gwaith integredig. Mae ymarfer adlewyrchu wedi galluogi negeseuon allweddol a syniadau arloesol a allai fod o ddiddordeb i ymarferwyr sy’n dechrau ar ‘Gais’ tebyg, i gael eu hatgyfnerthu. Mae ein negeseuon allweddol sydd mewn cytgord ag eraill ym maes gwaith integredig fel a ganlyn: ‘Nodi a pharhau i ddefnyddio eich ‘dylanwadau ar gyfer newid’, ‘Mabwysiadu ac Addasu’ , ‘Cael y bobl iawn yn y lle iawn’ , ‘Ni fydd eich rhaglen yn dod i ben os byddwch yn addasu eich gweledigaeth, ‘Gwneud iddo feddwl rhywbeth i rywun’, ‘Derbyn ac Addasu’, ‘Peidio poeni am y pethau na allwch wneud unrhyw beth yn eu cylch’, ‘Canfod eich cynghreiriaid – mae’n well gyda’ch gilydd’, ‘Dathlu eich ‘buddugoliaethau bach’, ‘Mae llais y bobl yn bwerus i lywio newid’ a ‘chofiwch mae synnwyr digrifwch yn dod â chi drwyddi’.

Mae hwn yn adlewyrchiad personol o Raglen Un Pwynt Mynediad Rhanbarthol Gogledd Cymru.

Mae’n defnyddio gwaith cydweithredol ag yn canolbwyntio ar gyflawni SPOA, gan gynorthwyo eraill i ddysgu trwy’r her.

This research examines the impact of organisational culture on the ethical judgement and ethical intention of corporate accountants in Vietnam.

The study relies on survey data collected from 283 practising accountants in Vietnam. Organisational culture was measured using the Organisational Culture Assessment Instrument, developed by Cameron and Quinn (2011). The Instrument is developed based on the competing values framework comprised of four distinct cultures: clan, hierarchy, market and adhocracy. Ethical judgement and ethical intention were measured based on respondent responses to five ethical scenarios, each linked to a principle of professional conduct in the code of ethics.

The findings indicate that the clan culture (family oriented) is dominant and has a significant positive influence on accountants' ethical judgement and ethical intention. Respondents in the clan culture evaluate scenarios more ethically compared with accountants in the adhocracy and market cultures but not the hierarchy culture. Accountants who emphasise the adhocracy and market cultures display a more relaxed attitude towards unethical scenarios whereas respondents in the hierarchy culture (rule oriented) display the highest ethical attitude.

The code of ethics, its content and how it is interpreted and applied may differ between professions, organisations or cultures.

Organisational research on ethical decision-making is ample but few studies link organisational culture with ethical judgement and ethical intention from the perspective of individual accountants.

THE first part of Professor Duncan Dowson's paper (March/April issue) dwelt on late 19th century development of machinery outstripping the performance of available lubricants. Contemporary lubricant research, and personalities involved, where described, leading to the concept of fluid‐film lubrication, documented by Professor Osborne Reynolds' paper read to the Royal Society in 1886.

The Board of Camrex (Holdings) Ltd, announce the resignation of Mr Alex G. Cameron and Mr A. W. R. Cameron as directors of Camrex (Holdings) Ltd, and subsidiaries due to a major difference on future policy.

Smart card-based E-payment systems are receiving increasing attention as the number of implementations is witnessed on the rise globally. Understanding of user adoption behavior of E-payment systems that employ smart card technology becomes a research area that is of particular value and interest to both IS researchers and professionals. However, research interest focuses mostly on why a smart card-based E-payment system results in a failure or how the system could have grown into a success. This signals the fact that researchers have not had much opportunity to critically review a smart card-based E-payment system that has gained wide support and overcome the hurdle of critical mass adoption. The Octopus in Hong Kong has provided a rare opportunity for investigating smart card-based E-payment system because of its unprecedented success. This research seeks to thoroughly analyze the Octopus from technology adoption behavior perspectives.

Cultural impacts on adoption behavior are one of the key areas that this research posits to investigate. Since the present research is conducted in Hong Kong where a majority of population is Chinese ethnicity and yet is westernized in a number of aspects, assuming that users in Hong Kong are characterized by eastern or western culture is less useful. Explicit cultural characteristics at individual level are tapped into here instead of applying generalization of cultural beliefs to users to more accurately reflect cultural bias. In this vein, the technology acceptance model (TAM) is adapted, extended, and tested for its applicability cross-culturally in Hong Kong on the Octopus. Four cultural dimensions developed by Hofstede are included in this study, namely uncertainty avoidance, masculinity, individualism, and Confucian Dynamism (long-term orientation), to explore their influence on usage behavior through the mediation of perceived usefulness.

TAM is also integrated with the innovation diffusion theory (IDT) to borrow two constructs in relation to innovative characteristics, namely relative advantage and compatibility, in order to enhance the explanatory power of the proposed research model. Besides, the normative accountability of the research model is strengthened by embracing two social influences, namely subjective norm and image. As the last antecedent to perceived usefulness, prior experience serves to bring in the time variation factor to allow level of prior experience to exert both direct and moderating effects on perceived usefulness.

The resulting research model is analyzed by partial least squares (PLS)-based Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach. The research findings reveal that all cultural dimensions demonstrate direct effect on perceived usefulness though the influence of uncertainty avoidance is found marginally significant. Other constructs on innovative characteristics and social influences are validated to be significant as hypothesized. Prior experience does indeed significantly moderate the two influences that perceived usefulness receives from relative advantage and compatibility, respectively. The research model has demonstrated convincing explanatory power and so may be employed for further studies in other contexts. In particular, cultural effects play a key role in contributing to the uniqueness of the model, enabling it to be an effective tool to help critically understand increasingly internationalized IS system development and implementation efforts. This research also suggests several practical implications in view of the findings that could better inform managerial decisions for designing, implementing, or promoting smart card-based E-payment system.

There is in my library a report with a most engaging title—On the nature and conditioning of least work equations in structures. I must add that I am far from being sure what it is all about, but anything on the nature of least work is attractive, and particularly so in the documentation of reports. Aeronautical libraries are mostly small, with staffs varying possibly from one to three, and the handling of reports is only one of their functions. Moreover the number of requests for reports may be small when compared with other enquiries. On this basis there is no doubt whatever that the time and effort spent in organizing this material is quite out of proportion.

This article reports the findings of a systematic review of the factors promoting and obstacles hindering joint working at the NHS/social services interface. The review provides robust, research‐based evidence about different models of joint working across the interface at the strategic, commissioning and operational levels and describes the factors known to have an impact on the success of joint working.